Nuclear Power Essay Example

Nuclear Power Essay Example Nuclear Power Essay Nuclear Power Essay Nuclear energy is one of the best sustainable resources around on the planet, 1 Goof reactor grade uranium contains enough energy to power a household light buy lb for 1,172 years. I believe that with the proper precautions taken, nuclear energy c become our worlds primary source of energy, instead of burning fossil fuels. There are several controversial questions that come along with the topic that need to be answered such as: Are nuclear hazards any different from any 20th ere hazards that we accept everyday such as driving a vehicle or flying in a plane? Can uncle ear rower production be kept safe from natural disasters (Fuchsia for example e)? Where and how will the nuclear waste be stored and is it possible for it to be recycle d? How would the waste be transported without the threat of terrorism? What is the a average price tag for a nuclear plant to be built, worked, and maintained? Are the risks of nuclear Donaldson 2 power worth the investment in the long run? These questions I feel like are the e most important subtopics that go along with this argument. My opposition fits into my argument because it allows both the reader and I t o be ware of the possible risks and facts that come along with nuclear energy. ME letdowns, natural disasters, human error in the plant, hazards of operating a nuclear pill NT with communities nearby, terrorist threats, possible exposure to nuclear radiation and a high cost to build/maintain a working nuclear reactor. For the outline of paper, the introduction will be fairly basic. Giving a small amount of basic background information on nuclear energy/ power, such as how a nuclear plant works and the process of how the uranium or other radioactive element is used to produce energy. End the introduction with a thesis, something along he lines of With the adoption of nuclear power as a primary power source, the world WI I benefit greatly as opposed to the continuation of burning fossil fuels. In the body of he argument, I will be answering the main controversial questions about nuclear power. I will investigate possible hazards of nuclear power plants and how they can be prevented. Safety from natural disasters will be discussed, the geographical action of where a power plant has to be built will have to be taken into consideration. L footer asset from used radioactive elements will have to be addressed, what happen ins to it after it has been used? Where is it transported to afterwards? How is it trans orated in the first place? Are the workers transporting the used elements considered SE fee from the radiation? Lastly, would the hazardous risk of building a nuclear power pill NT be worth the initial investment? Donaldson 3 Donaldson 4 Annotated Bibliography Celery, Daniel. Nuclear industry dares to dream of a new dawn; reactor build RSI think that fossil fuel prices and climate fears will revive nuclear power. But will now reactor designs overcome the concerns of utilities and the public? Science. Opposing Viewpoints. 19 Gag. 2005. Web. 20 March 2015. Celery article in summary was about how with natural gas prices on the rise a ND stocks of oil are going down, new energy options are being looked at, nuclear energy being one of them. With the need of new energy sources, nuclear energy cool d see a renaissance emerge. However for this to happen, nations would like to see s impel and safe ways to operate the reactors with ease. A point that stood out in the article were how U. S. Reactor builders arent necessarily looking into the long run of nuclear energy, but only the short term m. These builders need to think about how nuclear energy will be working in the next c people hundred years, not a couple decades. I would use this source in my argument to facilitate my discussion on how nee w forms of energy needed to be used, specifically nuclear energy. Luther Carter, Lake Barrett, Kenneth Rogers. Nuclear Waste Disposal: Showed own at Yucca Mountain. Issues in Science and Technology. Opposing Viewpoints. Web. 20 March 2015. This article was about how congress and other political groups are against building a geological repository. Carter, Barrett, and Rogers went into detail a bout how Donaldson 5 the repository would be used, what it would store, how long it would be used for, and where it was going to be built. Congress and other political groups keep denying the license for this repository from being built, but Novenas Nee County (which is the host country of Yucca Mountain), believe it is safe and an economic asset. Old be using this source to talk about how nuclear waste would be stored, cycled, and disposed of. Moore, Patrick. Nuclear Power is the Most secure Form of Energy. Coal. Opposing Viewpoints. 2011. Web. 20 March 2015. In Moors interview, he clears up the fog about nuclear energy. He states that there has never been a member of the public injured from nuclear reactors in the united states, nuclear reactors are built to withstand an impact from a 747, and uncle produces no regulated air emissions. In fact coal releases more radiation than nuclear power plants. Nuclear energy has a higher capital cost than fossil energy plants, but a lower operation cost once it is established. In the long run, a nuclear power plant WI II pay itself off and produces cleaner energy than fossil energy plants. When expansion of a nuclear power plant is needed, most sites already have room for extra reactors actual Ii. Also, nuclear energy has several forms Of fuel, uranium, which is the most common fuel being used currently, plutonium, and thorium. Thorium is the most abundant uncle AR element proven to be able to be used for nuclear energy. Donaldson 6 would incorporate this into my paper when I would bring up safety issues in he U. S. Regarding nuclear power plants in the past, terrorism, and capital plus pop aerating costs to run nuclear power plant. Taylor, John. The Nuclear Power Bargain. Opposing Viewpoints. Web. 20 March 2015. Tailors article about nuclear power touches on several controversial topics about nuclear energy such as: waste management, who uses nuclear energy and how much of the nation is powered by it, and how nuclear energy could be compete dative with todays fuel sources.

What is the difference between a resume and a curriculum vitae

What is the difference between a resume and a curriculum vitae If you’re on the hunt for a new job, you know the competition for available openings is tough, no matter what field you hope to enter. This means that when you’re applying for a position that seems to match your background, skill set, and interests, you need to make absolutely sure that your presentation and approach are razor sharp- this includes making sure that you follow the requirements for applying precisely. Trust us, in a job market where there are droves of qualified candidates for every available position that opens up, if you neglect to follow the procedures outlined for applying to a position, you’re likely jeopardizing your chances of being considered seriously. This includes making sure that you know the difference between a resume and a curriculum vitae (CV), and sending the correct one when asked by a potential employer. Let’s look at each to you know how to tailor your document to meet the requirements of each job post you face.ResumeMost job hunters are familiar with resumes- they’re designed to be short overviews of a candidate’s background and experience. Resumes are much shorter and less detailed than CVs, and are typically used for non-academic, non-research based positions in the United States (in other countries across Europe, Asia, Africa, and the Middle East, CVs are often the norm when applying for jobs). Resumes are typically only about a page long, sometimes slightly more if you’ve been working for a long while or have an extremely varied job history. But unlike a CV, the goal of a resume is to be brief.A candidate’s resume is typically tailored to the position she or he is looking for, and often contains an objective or summary statement along with one’s education, experience, job-specific abilities and skills, and personal contact information. Although there are countless ways in which a resume can be formatted and designed, a straightforward, clean, and professional a pproach that embraces readability over creativity is appreciated by most HR personnel, hiring managers, and potential employers.CVA CV is typically a longer and more in-depth summary of a candidate’s skill set and experience- it can run two to three pages or more, depending on the candidate and her or his background and accomplishments. Although CVs are widely used in a variety of fields in countries outside of the United States, in America they are typically utilized when applying for academic, scientific, medical, education, research, and international employment positions. CVs are also often utilized as part of funding applications, such as for grants and fellowships. If these are the sorts of opportunities you’re pursuing, then make sure that you have a professional and polished CV at the ready.Along with the usual information that you’d find on a resume, including education, experience, job-specific abilities and skills, and personal contact information, CV s include a candidate’s teaching and research experience, publications, fellowships and grants, licenses, relevant professional associations and awards, as well as any other information that’s relevant to the position being applying for.When send in a job application, make sure you know the document a company wants to see. Take care with the document you send in- don’t just lazily send in a resume when a company asks for a CV. If you’re confused, it’s fine clarify the length and scope of what they expect. And whatever you send in, always give it a final proof before sending to make sure it’s correct, up-to-date, and free from careless typos and grammatical errors. Presentation matters. Good luck!

The Academy Awards For Best Foreign Film Language Movie- can you take Essay

The Academy Awards For Best Foreign Film Language Movie- can you take it seriously - Essay Example Is it befitting to say that these awards ‘celebrate’ the harsh realities of common person while the common person turns a blind eye to them? In the following parts we shall discuss all this and about the past winners. Best Foreign Language nominees get a lot of attention from people around the world. They are a part of ‘meaningful cinema’ that forces people to think about the matter and to do something for the cause. This is said not without proof, Day of Glory, a nominee in 2006, made an impact on the public policy when the law for elevating the benefits to Algerian veterans was passed. It is apt to say that these movies have a niche audience because there are few people who admire the movie for its effort and for its success in bringing forth a matter that matters. Not many people are willing to give their one hour to a cinema that raises an issue and says it in an unflattering manner; people would rather watch something that entertains. This nature is common to people around the world; however, when a film is nominated for Oscars they will watch a nominee from their homeland if not all the nominees. This is a much better condition. Let us now come to the nominees from various countries and their journey to the final nomination. As already said there are many controversies surrounding a nomination. This journey of controversies starts as soon as a film has to be selected for nominee from a country. There are so many political and personal forces working at this level itself that it is hard to say whether the nominee is actually the best nominee from their respective country. Last year the nominee from India was surrounded in controversies, since a member of the jury was a close friend of the director of the movie. The matter was so serious that High Court had to interrupt and though the nominee was not backed out but a rule was passed that banned any related person to

Designing a teacher survey about teacher education in Qatar Research Paper

Designing a teacher survey about teacher education in Qatar - Research Paper Example Survey can be in terms of geography; like aerial survey, communal land survey system or even survey township. Another form of survey may involve sciences of the earth, like soil survey. Deviation survey is used in construction and there is the academia survey whose purpose is to enable opinions and information to be collected for the improvement of the educational sector. In this essay, attention will be driven towards survey that is concerned with teachers and their technological training needs. With changing technology, people should know how the new technology works, particularly teachers. Surveys done before have proven to be successful as the information collected has proved to be vital towards development in the educational sector. The purpose of this survey is to ensure that all teaching personnel in Qatar are conversant with technological changes (Qatar, 2010). The teaching system in Qatar needs educational reform since its educational development system is at its critical st age and initiative needs to be taken in order to ensure that the future of Qatar students is channeled towards their success. The purpose of this survey is to establish how technology can and is being used in teacher education and if meets the current needs of teacher trainees in Qatar (Sapsford, 2007).   QUESTIONARE A. ... 3. Which sites do you value most when it comes to website usage? 4. Which ICT courses have you attended for the past 5 years? 5. Have you attended or do you have a membership in a professional association that is associated with ICT training? 6. Do you know the benefits of in-service training in ICT? YES/NO. If yes, can you be able to mention them, and where possible, include the disadvantages and advantages of such. 7. How many types of ICT use do you know? Name them. 8. What is the contribution to the professional development of others in terms of ICT? C. TRAINING NEEDS 1. Why do you need training in the ICT? 2. How many types of ICT use are you conversant with? 3. In terms of internet use, how would you describe its importance to students and how will you ensure that students become more internet literate? 4. Do you have an email address? 5. What is your purpose of using the internet? 6. Have you ever taught in any other institution or school other than the one that you are in? YE S/NO. Name them and indicate whether computer related subjects were taught. 7. Would you like training in specialized educational software? YES/NO. 8. Would you like training in subject specific training? YES/NO. If so, which particular subject would you require subject specific training? 9. Do you know how to format a disk? YES/NO 10. Do you know how to check a computer for a virus, or manage a file in a computer? YES/NO D.ATTITUDES TOWARDS ICT 1. 1. How do you feel about the advanced technological changes that are facing today’s society? 2. 3. Do you think that with the coming of technology, there is going to be an erosion of culture and tradition? YES/NO. If so, what do you propose should be done in order to ensure

Hofstede and Trompenaars Cultural Dimensions

Hofstede and Trompenaars Cultural Dimensions Hofstede stated 5 Cultural dimensions which can be used to investigate national preferences. To explain the variation of cultural dimensions in different countries, a chart illustrating all 5 Cultural dimensions is shown in Hong Kong, China and USA. Detailed explanations are given below: Power distance is the distance in the approach between the subordinates and seniors in an organization. The high Power Distance countries make use of Centralized decision making and the employees are less likely to question their seniors. Whereas, in low power distance there is decentralized organization structure and employees are more likely to question their seniors. In high Individualism, it is generally expected that people only take care of their loved ones like their immediate families, there is very less tendency that the people will work and belong to any groups. Countries with high Masculinity, there is high degree of gender differentiation and people will place much importance on recognition, challenges, wealth, earnings etc. whereas, countries with high femininity, importance is given to quality life, cooperation, friendly atmosphere, caring others etc. Uncertainty avoidance is how people feel and react in doubtful situations and has created beliefs to avoid such situations. In countries with high Uncertainty people believe on experts and their knowledge, there is need for security and people are not willing to take risks. Whereas, in low Uncertainty avoidance people tend to be ambitious and are ready to accepts unknown risks. The fifth cultural dimension was studied by using Questionnaire in various countries around the globe. Long Term Orientation deals with good moral values regardless of truth. In Long Term Orientation the values such as Perseverance, thrift play vital role, while respect in beliefs, principles in society and binding oneself by social duties are associated with Short Term Orientation (Hofstede and Bond, 1984). Trompenaar Cultural dimensions: Universalism and Particularism: According to Trompenaar, the culture assigns the importance either to the rules or personal relationships. In Universalism culture people share belief that the rules, values and law are more important than personal or other relationships while, in Particularism cultures people focus more on human friendship or personal relationships. Individualism and Communitarism: Trompenaar Individualism and Communitarism cultural dimension carry the same meaning with Hofstedes Individualism. As explained above, the culture differences are illustrated as to whether people function more as individuals or in groups. Specific and Diffuse: In Specific cultures such as Denmark, the interactions between people are well defined viz the interactions are tending to criticize their juniors directly and openly, people tend to concentrate on hard facts, standards. In diffuse cultures like Russia, the criticism is considered a personal matter and may form a part of losing value or prestige. Affectivity and Neutrality: Affectivity and neutrality cultural dimension provides a degree in which people show their feelings. In Affectivity cultures, individuals express feelings naturally and openly. People talk loudly, show happiness or unhappiness, greet with enthusiasm etc. whereas in Neutral cultures, people tend to hide their emotions. Achievement and Ascription: In Achievement cultures, members are awarded official position depending on job performances, whereas, in Ascription cultures, members are respected or awarded official positions depending on ethnic groups, age, family, gender etc. In Sequential time cultures, people generally perform duties sequentially i.e. perform only one duty at a given time. While, in Synchronous time cultures people are flexible, handling several duties at a single point of time. Inner and Outer directed: It is set of people who believe that environment can be controlled versus a set of people who believes environment controls them. In Inner directed cultures, people believe that it is in humans hand and right a expertise knowledge can control nature; In outer directed cultures people believe that nature is not in their control and therefore they should live and change themselves according to the nature or environment. Source: Hampden-Turner and Trompenaars, (1993). Hofstede and Trompenaar helped to explain cultural differences with help of various cultural dimensions. Below table provides information on Trompenaar cultural dimensions with respect to various countries around globe. Thus, it can be seen that the cultural dimensions provided by Hofstede and Trompenaar help to better understand various cultures and thus they help to investigate different national preferences. Strengths and Weakness of Hofstede and Trompenaar: Inherent bias between Hofstede and Trompenaar and ways to overcome Inherent bias: To show the inherent bias between Hofstede and Trompenaar an association between national metrics on individualism and national sales data of i branded phones is demonstrated. The analysis shown in Table 1 reveals the bias on individualism criterion of Hofstede and Trompenaars (Burns and Bush, 2006 cited by Veerapa and Hemmert, 2010). The lack of precision can be overcome by using diagnostic tools like SPSS (Wilcox, 2001). SPSS helps to correct the deviations and presents post hoc test outputs which can be analyzed (Burns and Bush, 2006 cited by Veerapa and Hemmert, 2010). Hofstede Improvement model: In Hofstedes model it has been seen that the model merely assumes uniformity. Hence, there is a need to study diversity, richness of institutions and their practices. Presently, intense debates, reviews on interaction, structure and conceptualization are available on immediate basis. We should be engaged and involve in using theories of action, which can deal with multiple influences, change and variety, situational non-national variability, power and difficulties on individual subjects instead of seeking explanations from the conceptual lacuna for assumed national uniformity (McSweeney, 2002). Comparison between different models: Most of the cultural literatures have discussed and pointed towards core values of culture which helps to identify difference between cultures. Hofstede proposed that the most efficient method to modify the process of thinking is to change individual behaviour (Schwartz, 1999 and Hofstede, 1980). Project GLOBE has focused and illustrated effects of leadership qualities on various cultures and examined charismatic leadership at three levels industry type, national and organizational- nested within each other (House et al., 1999). The fit between management practices and cultural characteristics is considered to play a vital role in implementing a successful management team (Aycan et al., 2000). Nevertheless, Hofstede and Harzing, (1996) proposed that only few studies were able to examine or only few theories realized that the culture itself changes over period of time. Schein (1992) proposed a cultural dimension which reflects on the levels of visibility. Drawing on Scheins proposal, cultural theories vary depending on concentration on the different layers of culture. Many cultural theories concentrate on the middle portion; values specialized in between visible and invisible parts of culture (House et al., 1999; Hofstede, 1980; Inglehart and Baker, 2000). The association between change in economic development and work values was studied by Inglehart and Baker (2000) and both found noticeable cultural changes. Very few models concentrate on the visible and the external layer of practices and behaviors, Trompenaar assessed or judged the differences in cross-cultures with respect to behaviours, driven by values (Trompenaars, 1994; House et al., 1999). Multiple levels of cross cultures are shown in Figure 1: Most of the cross cultural research focused on national level, illustrating differentiation in cross cultures with regards to national values (House et al., 1999; Hofstede, 1980). Berson, Erez and Adler, (2004) proposed the formation of interdependent and multinational work teams helps to minimize the complexity in workplace within and across borders. The interdependent teams help the companies to bridge cultural gaps and assure smooth coordination and communication. Even the CEOs has consistently emphasized the interdependence and connectedness in their speeches. Hall (1976) studied high and low context cultures. Environment is important for the people belonging to high context cultures and they rely on interpretation i.e. make use of non-verbal signals during communication, whereas, in low context cultures non-verbal signals are often ignored and environment is less important. Hall model does not rank different countries and is built on qualitative insights and the model does not provide numerical data and hence, comparisons can only be on subjective basis. Problems for Expatriates: This section discusses differences in organizational styles and cultural patterns between Japanese and German staff members in Dusseldorf region of western Germany, and issues they encounter for morale, communication and co-operation. As English not being the native language for both Japanese and Germans, a sizable amount of Japanese firms in Dusseldorf region remark on communication problems and stress between Japanese expatriates and local staff members. There is also a contrast on subject of politeness, Japanese staff are recognized for considering the politeness to great extents; a distinct Japanese politeness syndrome is unwillingness to say no with firmness, which confuses the foreigners and Westerners find it disingenuous, whereas, Germans suffer the reputation for being arrogant, blunt and curt. The Germans see the standoffishness of Japanese as an obstacle to pleasant office relationships. German managers found it difficult and comment that even after continuous efforts they are not in a position to socialize with Japanese expatriate teams. The isolation and the size of Dusseldorf region helped to put a belief on German side, that Japanese are reclusive and clannish by character. The Japanese were annoyed by German curtness and Germans were bothered by Japanese unfriendliness (Lincoln et al., 1995). The Japanese expect forthright assumption of guilt and produced apologies in places where the Europeans find it inappropriate and unnecessary. In Japanese firms the acceptance of failures of ones duties is an obligation to European (Wall Street Journal, 1989), as the Westerners impulse to shift blame to others and defend oneself. Some differences also occur on the decision making process as for Japanese its bottom-up command and control while for Germans its reverse (Kieser, 1990; Lincoln et al., 1990). More, the Japanese hire employees as generalists and not as specialists. The Germans found the appraisal style inconvenient because the Japanese appraisal style judges long-term achievements and performances and not present performances (Endo, 1994). If the company wants to reward the younger ambitious local hires for their appropriate skills, the company was not able to do so, because of the morale issues of appraisal system of Japanese business cultures, due to which the problem of inequality arise. Expatriates Managers motivating and leading staff: Research has shown that the styles of leading staff, motivating and communicating vary among countries (Adler and Gundersen, 2008). To motivate and to understand the motivation drivers of the employees, an expatriate manager should have a broad idea about real root values of different cultures (Sergeant and Frenkel, 1998). Work placement motivation plays an important role so that the employees work effectively and organization can achieve their goals. In multi-culture environment the motivation factors will vary from person to person, so the organization should use different motivational tools. One of the strongest motivational factors is probably the development of an appropriate reward system; this can influence both employee motivation and job satisfaction (Hickins, 1998 cited by Albu, 2009). The people motivations may vary depending on their emphasis on income, more number of contacts, security in job or feeling of accomplishment. The attributes and roles chosen by experienced expatriate managers in leading their teams are not constant and may vary in different contexts. Finnish expatriates in various countries indicated different perceptions of leadership, examined by Suutari (1996). For examples, an expatriate from Germany commented that the softness in Scandinavian is inappropriate and claim for receiving respect from subordinates a person should be more authoritative. Similarly, if a manager from a different culture is working in France, he should avoid participating in groups, as he would not succeed to get any ideas from his colleagues and nothing will work if he did not take a decision himself. An expatriate in UK was advised to make use of directive style and be more rigorous. Whereas, in Thailand good leadership qualities are associated with moral values like to sacrifice, to think about majority and not only about their families. A successful leadership style must be appropriate to the context within which it is exercised (Mead, 2005, p. 133). PART 2 Preparation for Expatriates and their relatives: After reviewing various research articles following were the requirements found for preparing an expatriate for successful mission. The companies need to employ rigorous and sophisticated pre-move policies to expatriates along with their families, which include personality and psychometric testing, cross-cultural and language training (Forster, 2000). Many researchers like Mendenhall and Oddou, 1986; Tung, 1981; Brislin, 1981, Smith and Still, 1997; Bochner, 1982; Forster, 2000, Brislin et al, 1986 have strongly emphasized on cultural empathy during expatriate trainings. Cross cultural training is broadly classified into 6 types by Tung (1982): 1] Using information containing facts such as information on housing, schools, weather, and geographical location. 2] Cultural preferences or tendencies, information such as the value systems of host country. 3] Cultural Assimilation programs which help to describe cross cultural experiences. 4] Linguistic training 5] Sensitivity training, helps developing confidence in particular situations. 6] Exposure to other cultures by means of field experiences, which will help to get a feel of emotional pressures. According to Brewster and Pickard (1994) following should be the cultural training programs for expatriates: 1] a cognizance about major emphasize on influencing cultural behaviours 2] Mandatory knowledge which is required when dealing in different situations. 3] Developing emotional maturity and acquiring skills to help psychological adjustments when working abroad. Thus following can be the relevant training programs, which can be used to prepare an expatriate. How Cross cultural Training programs support Expatriates and their relatives: The cross-cultural and linguistic training introduces the employee the importance of cultures and help to sensitise the actual differences in cultures. The training programs help expatriates to become vigilant of unavoidable psychological stress which usually happens when individual tries to adapt in foreign cultures (Forster, 2000). Cross cultural training and language training helps to built cross cultural competency skills and add on social and professional skills, knowledge, coping techniques and factual information to expatriates and helps to create an artificial make-up. Training programs also helps to provide relevant information on the living and working styles of the host country. Cultural, political, economic information and information on cultural awareness helps expatriates to understand the foreign culture in more suitable and personal way, all these factors work at intellectual or mental process of the expatriate. More, cross-cultural training also consist of learning activities which are purely based on experience combining mental process and behavioural techniques which help to reinforce the assimilation of information on occasions like experimenting alternative response strategies and simulating critical incidents. It is also believed that, cross cultural training helps to acquire an intercultura l effectiveness skill which improve families and personal adjustments overseas. Such skills include building relationships, effective cross cultural communication, transition stress management, cultural awareness, improving managerial decision making, negotiation techniques and conflicts resolution (Kealey and Protheroe, 1996). Nevertheless, as per Gertsen (1990) literature, excluding the training, for a successful expatriate mission, lot more depends on the employees personal traits like openness, self confidence, good communication skills, intelligence, optimism, tolerance, empathy, independence, initiative and willingness to change. Requirements for working in multi-culture environment: Intercultural competence plays an important role and is necessary, when a member of a cross-cultural team needs to build strong relationship with other nationalities. Due to intercultural competence the member is able to exchange verbal non-verbal levels of behaviour (Dinges, 1983; McCroskey, 1982; Spitzberg, 1983). Research delineated important features of inter-cultural competence such as ability to develop and maintain relationships, personal traits like inquisitiveness and effectively sharing information with others (Black and Gregersen, 2000; Mendenhall, 2001). Apart from knowledge of language and culture, Intercultural competence also involves affectivity and behavioural skills like charisma, empathy, friendliness, ability to control uncertainty and anxiety (Gudykunst, 1998; Spiess, 1998). There are three parts of intercultural competence, sufficient cultural knowledge, appropriate skills and Personality Orientation. The managers in USA and Russia have associated high performing cross cultural teams with clearly understanding their approach for team goals, equipped with complementary skills, working with expertise teams, and tremendous commitment with relatively higher degree of motivation, clear responsibilities of team roles, cultural sensitivity, cooperative team climate and access to technology (Matveev and Milter, 2004). To work effectively with multi cultural teams the managers need to know and understand the culture of a person with whom they are interacting, their behaviour patterns during conflict situations, and information about their personality, life experiences, demographics etc. Manager of diverse cultures needs to be vigilant with regards to the interests, resources of different cultures and diversity of perspectives, to obtain all this information the manager requires high level of intercultural communication competence (Matveev et al., 2002). Lessons drawn from tutorials and classes From tutorials and classes, we gathered knowledge which helped critical analysis of contexts and issues relating to business and management operating across cultures. Various aspects of cultural diversity and national cultures have been explored. International HRM has become a strategic asset of many organisations and play vital role in implementing and developing policies on cross cultural management. We learnt differences between cultures, their relations when working in organisations, businesses and the way people from different cultures interact and communicate. It was also observed that if the variety of cultures is ignored, the organisations suffer from conflicts and underperform. From the principle theories of cross cultures I explored the effects of cultural diversity on leadership, negotiation, communication, motivation and ethics in organisations. Through critical analysis the awareness among cultural differences was raised, while reinforcing behaviours and skills that can help managers to adjust in such differences. The main focus of study was on management of International Business and there was seen a strong emphasis on cultural differences between European, Asian, Anglo-American and African. How multicultural awareness can be raised and stereotyping be decreased To raise multi cultural awareness, Sleeter (1992) given importance to multicultural professional development programs and awareness building inservice programs. Sleeter observations revealed that after completion of these programs, teachers greatest change was increased attention to Black students and increased the usage of cooperative learning activities. Multi-cultural awareness can also be raised through well-prepared induction programmes incorporating cultural awareness training. Professional counselling across cultures could also provide effective help to raise cultural awareness (Skinner, 2010). Sue et al. (1982) suggested three dimensions of cross cultural counselling competencies: knowledge, awareness and skills. The counsellor needs certain cultural specific knowledge and must be aware of potential cultural differences. Thus, cross-cultural training and cultural competencies raise multicultural awareness. Stewart et al., 2009 proposed the success of a modern technique Situational Attribution Training Technique to minimize the underlying stereotyping. White participants were trained extensively to choose situational over dispositional explanations for negative stereotype-consistent behaviors performed by Black men (Stewart et al. 2009, p. 221). Reduced racial stereotyping was demonstrated by the individuals who finished their Situational Attribution Training. More, the impact of Stereotyping can be minimized by bringing together different cultural members and when these members come together they notice that other persons are not as stereotype as considered, this proof makes a disagreement, which finally helps in improving thinking about stereotypes. Words: 3,179

Mobile Phone and Favorite Website Facebook Essay

Introduction I. A woman driving her car, her eyes off the road, an accident occurred due to texting and are found dead. Being bullied on facebook led a teenage girl to commit suicide. II. These are the two scenarios in how technical reality is a dangerous part of today’s society. III. I have done research in texting and facebook that effects people in many different ways. IV. Today, I would like to persuade you that many people live in a technical world by using texting and a website like facebook instead of facing reality. (Transition: Let’s start with everyone’s favorite activity texting) Body I. Everyone is texting and has impacted their lives, which have caused them to injury or even death. People text while driving, running, walking, and even in places like school and work that are easily distracted by receiving a text. A. According to the AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety there statistics show that in the year 2010 there has been over 33,788 lives lost. 1. Many people know the danger of texting, but they rather risk their lives and just answer that text they received or read an email instead of focusing on their driving. 2. For instance, on CBS News in Minnesota announced that a mother was texting on her cell phone, with her two kids in the car, and caused her to crash into a motorcyclist that was in serious injuries. B. Besides texting and driving, adults and students are easily distracted from work and/or school. 1. On September 2011, Chris Gayomali from Time, his statistics shows that 83% of American adults that own cell phones, 73% of them send roughly about 110 texts per day or 3,200 text messages per month. 2. For example, students are easily distracted when they feel the buzzer go off on their cell phone and are eager to read their text, which cause them to loose focus of the lecture. (Transition: Now that I have discussed about texting let’s move on to everyone’s favorite website facebook.) II. Everyone has facebook. More than 800 million people have a profile activated. Most people use facebook to gossip about each other even adults. A. Many teenagers have facebook and are harming them in many ways. Some are being distracted from school; some are being bullied on facebook. According to Consumer Reports, 7 million kids under 13 are on Facebook. 1. For instance, the ABC News on October 2011 Nicolette Taylor a 13-year-old girl was being bullied on facebook about her having a big nose, which caused her to have cosmetic surgery done at a young age. 2. Another incident occurred, Douglas Stanglin from USA today, that Phoebe Prince a 15-year-old teen a recent immigrant from Ireland was found hanging from her room dead due to being bullied on facebook and harassed. B. Besides the facebook teens’ bullying, adults are zoned into facebook at work and not focused on their work. 1. For example, at my job New York Road Runner the organization of the NYC Marathon, I have seen m any on facebook chatting and browsing on photos, which have nothing to do with their work. Conclusion I. As we have heard that the virtual world is effecting everyone in different ways II. For our safety and the safety of others we should stop texting and face our reality. III. Being focused on a cell phone or facebook your being distracted from school, work, friends, or places you worship. IV. I encourage you today to try to use less of your cell phones or/ and facebook page and pay attention to the world. Bibliography AAA Foundation of Traffic Safety. Distracted Driving Gayomali, Chris. Jaw Dropper; 18 to 24 olds Average 110 Text Massages per Day, Time Techland, September 2011. Print. Chang, JuJu. Bullied on Facebook, teen 13, Gets Nose Job, ABC News, October 2011. Print. Stanglin, Douglas. Nine, Teens charged with Bullying in Teen’s Suicide, USA Today, March 2010. Print.

The Legal Aspects Of The Surrogate Pregnancy - 1472 Words

For most individuals, surrogacy is the only way to have children. Thus, modern reproductive technologies are on top. However, there is a question that remains difficult physiologically, legally and ethically. Let alone the Old Testament Genesis 16, which states that Abraham s wife could not get pregnant, and her husband had to use a maid Hagar, impregnating her naturally. Slaves, concubines and peasant, were surrogate mothers by traditional way. Now it is intelligently called partial surrogacy or surrogacy genetic linkage, and the method of fertilization is not as romantic or godly like. History of Medicine claims that, ancient Indian reproductive technologies were the best. However, they turn to stay neutral about the legal†¦show more content†¦It is, first of all, the problem of â€Å" extra embryos† and the possibility of their destruction, sale, abuse, and a number of others that remains unsolved. Theoretically, the number of potential children from one donor may exceed the entire population of the earth. From a utilitarian’s point of view, the act of surrogacy is ethical as the families as well as the surrogate mother are all happy in the end. Furthermore, another major ethical question been asked is whether: to hide or not to hide? No state requires parents who have used surrogate motherhood, to talk about the process with their children. This will be seen as invasion of privacy and a violation of the autonomy of the family. A Surrogate mother is a woman who becomes pregnant, carries and delivers a child for another couple in other words â€Å"Commissioners parents.† Surrogacy can be complete or partial. In the case of complete, egg and sperm available to authorized parents or donors. For the full surrogacy IVF is used. It is preferably in the partial. Thus, it is the problem that is one so much medical as ethical and legal. And here can be a lot the views, I will present my own. 47% of couples are childless; more than a third of them cannot have children because of infertility. In different cases, the situation may be different if a woman cannot get pregnant, but are able to bear a child that is used In Vitro Fertilization (IVF). Male infertility is also treated. Cases, in which the only solution is the